Syrian rebels announced the removal of President Bashar al-Assad on Sunday after capturing Damascus, ending over 13 years of his family’s authoritarian rule. The stunning development marks a major shift in the Middle East’s power dynamics, dealing a blow to Assad’s allies, Russia and Iran, who had supported him throughout the civil war.
Following their entry into the capital, rebels stormed the Iranian embassy, Iranian state media reported. Assad himself fled the city, with reports suggesting he departed on a plane that later disappeared from radar, fueling speculation about his whereabouts.
The rebel coalition declared the end of oppression, symbolized by the liberation of Sednaya prison, infamous for holding political detainees. They also announced plans for a transitional governing body to oversee Syria’s political future, calling for unity in rebuilding the nation.
Challenges of Transition
Prime Minister Mohammad Ghazi al-Jalali appealed for free elections, emphasizing the need for a peaceful transition. However, concerns loom over potential instability, given Syria’s diverse factions and international interests, including U.S.-backed forces and Islamist groups like Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), which played a leading role in the rebellion.
The United States reaffirmed its commitment to preventing the resurgence of ISIS in eastern Syria. Meanwhile, regional powers like the UAE expressed concern over extremist influence in any new government.
Regional and Global Implications
The fall of Assad follows setbacks for Hezbollah and Iran-backed militias, weakened by Israeli military actions. Russia, preoccupied with the war in Ukraine, appeared less able to assist Assad in his final days. The developments signify a profound reordering of alliances in the region.
As Syrians celebrated in Damascus, international observers cautioned that the transition’s success depends on cooperation among Syria’s fragmented opposition and external stakeholders. The coming weeks will determine whether Syria moves toward stability or deeper turmoil.
